Angela Hall

Location: LEICESTER

Membership Grade: Advanced Professional Member

Contact Info

Phone: 0116 2401801
Mobile: 07515 690004
Email: [email protected]

General Experience

Graduate in History. More than 20 years working as a qualified librarian in special and reference libraries with responsibilities for government and local government information services and local history. Experienced in journal/magazine and newspaper indexing. I index academic, specialist and general interest books in a wide variety of subjects, including all aspects of history world-wide, international relations and studies, politics, social policy, sport, education. One of my main specialisms is military history and warfare/defence. I am available all year round and I can sometimes take projects at short notice.

Subjects

Military History

I have indexed a large number of military history projects. Please also see my entry under naval/nautical subjects. Recent indexes include:
The Hill: The brutal fight for Hill 107 in the Battle for Crete (Robert Kershaw), Osprey, 2024
Me 163 vs Allied Heavy Bombers: Northern Europe 1944-45 (R Forsyth), Osprey 2024
Rose, Castle and Crown: Hampshire and the Isle of Wight’s Citizen Soldiers (P Crowley), Medina Publishing, 2023
Leyte Gulf (M Stille), Osprey 2023
Keeping the Peace: Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 251 during the Cold War 1946-1991
. (SK Dixon), Casemate, 2023
Foreign Panthers: the Panzer V in British, Soviet, French and other service 1943-58, (M Robinson and T Seignon), Osprey 2022
Tigers in Captivity: the 1st Battalion Leicestershire Regiment in the Malaya Campaign (1941-1942) and as Far East Prisoners Of War (1941-1945), (K Hewitt), Matador, 2022
The Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry Regomental History volume 2, 1919-1966 (G Elliott), Royal Green Jackets (Rifles) museum Trust,2022
The Oil Campaign 1944-45(S.J. Zaloga), Osprey, 2022
Air Power Supremo: A Biography of Marshal f the Royal Air Force Sir John Slessor GCB, DSO, MC (William Pyke), Pen and Sword, 2022

Wellington and the Vitoria Campaign 1813, C Divall, Pen&Sword, 2021
No Wider War: a history of the Vietnam War 1965-75 (Sergio Miller), Osprey 2021
Behind Enemy Lines with SOE (Michael Kelly), Frontline Books 2021
The Netherlands East Indies Campaign 1941-42: Japan’s quest for oil (M Lohnstein), Osprey 2021
SAS Combat Vehicles 1942-91 (Gavin Mortimer), Osprey 2021
Vietnam 1972: Quang Tri (Charles Melson), Osprey, 2021
Abandon Ship: The Real Story of the Sinkings in the Falklands (Paul Brown), Osprey, 2021
How ISIS Fights: Military Tactics in Iraq, Syria, Libya and Egypt (Omar Ashour), Edinburgh University Press, 2021
USMC M42A Sherman vs Japanese Type 95 Ha-Go (R Cansiere), Osprey 2020
The Notorious Third Lord Lucan (Tom Blaney), Matador, 2020
Blazing Star, Setting Sun: The Guadalcanal-Solomons Campaign November 1942-March 1943 (Jeffrey R. Cox), Osprey 2020
To Defeat the Few: The Luftwaffe’s campaign
to destroy RAF Fighter Command,
August–September 1940
(D. Dildy and P.Crickmore), Osprey 2020
Gunners in Normandy: The History of the Royal Artillery in North-West Europe, part 1, June to August 1944 (Will Townend and Frank Baldwin), History Press, 2019
IA Drang 1965: The Struggle for Vietnam’s Pleiku Province(JP Harris and J Kenneth Eward), Osprey 2019
The German Corpse Factory: A Study in First World War Propaganda (S Badsey), Helion, 2019
B-58 Hustler Units (P E Davies), Osprey, 2019
MacArthur’s Air Force: American Airpower over the Pacific and the Far East 1941-51 (B Yenne), Osprey, 2019
An Englishman Abroad: SOE agent Dick Mallaby’s Italian Missions 1943-45 (G Barneschi), Osprey 2019
The Falklands War: There and Back Again. The Story of Naval Party 8901 ( M Norman and M Jones), Pen & Sword, 2019
Maritime Strategy and Sea Denial (M. Vego), Routledge 2019
General Sir Ralph Abercromby and the French Revolutionary Wars 1792-1801 (Carole Divall), Pen and Sword, 2018
The Royal Navy Day By Day (Lt-Cdr L Phillips) History Press, 2018
An Army of Tribes: British Army Cohesion, Deviancy and Murder in Northern Ireland 1971-1972 (Edward Burke), Liverpool University Press, 2018
Civilians and Warfare in World History (N Foote and N Williams, Routledge 2017
A-6 Intruder Units (R Morgan), Osprey Publishing, 2017
The Official History of the UK Strategic Nuclear Deterrent Vols 1 and 2, (M Jones), Routledge 2017
Bloodstained Sands (M Walling), Osprey Publishing 2017
Jagdgeschwader 53 “Pik-As” BF 109 Aces of 1940 (C Goss) Osprey Publishing, 2017
Brighton College in the Great War (M Usher), Shire, 2016
Nations Torn Asunder: The Challenge of Civil War(B Kissane), Oxford University Press, 2016
Ending ETA’s Armed Campaign (I Murua), Routledge, 2016
He 162 Volksjager Units (R Forsyth, Osprey, 2016
Instrument of War (D Showalter), Osprey, 2016;

Warfare/Defence

I have indexed several books concerned with contemporary warfare, defence and terrorism. Please also see my entry under naval/nautical subjects. Recent projects include:
First Fights in Fallujah: Marines During Operation Vigilant Resolve in Iraq, April 2004 (David E. Kelly), Casemate, 2023
The Afghanistan File (Prince Turki AlFaisal Al-Saud) Arabian Publishing, 2021
Bullets to Ballots: Collective De-radicalisation of Armed Movements (O Ashour) Edinburgh University Press, 2021
No Wider War: a history of the Vietnam War 1965-75
(Sergio Miller), Osprey 2021
Behind Enemy Lines with SOE (Michael Kelly), Frontline Books 2021
The Netherlands East Indies Campaign 1941-42: Japan’s quest for oil (M Lohnstein), Osprey 2021
SAS Combat Vehicles 1942-91 (Gavin Mortimer), Osprey 2021
Vietnam 1972: Quang Tri, (Charles Melson), Osprey 2021
Abandon Ship: The Real Story of the Sinkings in the Falklands (Paul Brown), Osprey, 2021
How ISIS Fights: Military Tactics in Iraq, Syria, Libya and Egypt (Omar Ashour), Edinburgh University Press, 2021
Security, Development, and Violence in Afghanistan (A-M Rivas), Routledge 2020
Civil-military Relations in International Interventions (K Friis), Routledge 2020
Gunners in Normandy: The History of the Royal Artillery in North-West Europe, part 1, June to August 1944 (Will Townend and Frank Baldwin), History Press, 2019
IA Drang 1965: The Struggle for Vietnam’s Pleiku Province(JP Harris and J Kenneth Eward), Osprey 2019
The German Corpse Factory: A Study in First World War Propaganda (S Badsey), Helion, 2019
India-China Maritime Competition (R Basrur et al), Routledge 2019
MacArthur’s Air Force: American Airpower over the Pacific and the Far East 1941-51 (B Yenne), Osprey, 2019
An Englishman Abroad: SOE agent Dick Mallaby’s Italian Missions 1943-45 (G Barneschi), Osprey 2019
The Falklands War: There and Back Again The Story of Naval Party 8901. (M Norman and M Jones), Pen & Sword, 2019
Maritime Strategy and Sea Denial (M. Vego), Routledge 2019
General Sir Ralph Abercromby and the French Revolutionary Wars 1792-1801 (Carole Divall), Pen and Sword, 2018
The Royal Navy Day By Day (Lt-Cdr L Phillips) History Press, 2018
An Army of Tribes: British Army Cohesion, Deviancy and Murder in Northern Ireland 1971-1972, (Edward Burke), Liverpool University Press, 2018
Counter-Insurgency in Nigeria (A Omeni), Routledge 2017
Making the Military Moral (D Carrick), Routledge 2017
African Border Disorders (O Walther and W Miles), Routledge, 2017
The Military and Liberal Society (T Kucera), Routledge 2017
Operational Warfare at Sea (M Vego), Routledge 2017
European Foreign Conflict Reporting (E Heywood), Routledge 2017
Nations Torn Asunder: The Challenge of Civil War(B Kissane), Oxford University Press, 2016

Religious History

Recent indexes include:
The Oxford Handbook of the Oxford Movement (Brown, SJ et al), Oxford University Press, 2017
Antisemitism and Anti-Zionism in Turkey (E Aviv), Routledge, 2017
The Life and Works of Robert Baillie (A Campbell), Boydell and Brewer, 2017
George Errington and Roman Catholic Identity in Nineteenth Century England (S James), Oxford University Press, 2016
Experiences of Islamophobia (J Carr), Routledge 2015;

Crime and Criminology

Recent indexes include:
Criminal Law, Procedure, and Evidence (Walter P. Signorelli), Routledge, 2024
Deviance Today (A Conyers and T Calhoun), Routledge 2020
Torture as State Crime (M Collard), Routledge 2018
Corruption in Sport (LA Kihl), Routledge 2018;
Police-Citizen Relations Across the World (D Oberwitttler and S Roche), Routledge, 2017 Child Trafficking and the EU (P Fussey and P Rawlinson), Routledge, 2017
The Sexual Politics of Asylum (C Giametta), Routledge 2017
De-Radicalisation in the UK Prevent Strategy (MS Elshimi), Routledge, 2017 Online Hate and Harmful Content, Routledge, 2017
Understanding Deradicalisation (D Koehler), Routledge, 2017
The Sexual Murderer (E Beauregard and M Martineau), Routledge, 2016
Policing, Port Securityand Crime Control (Y Eski), Routledge, 2016; Prisoner Radicalization and Terrorism Detention Policy (TM Veldhuis), Routledge, 2016

International Relations

Many books indexed concerning international relations. Recent indexes include:
Rethinking State and Border Formation in the Middle East: Turkish-Syrian-Iraqi borderlands 1921-46, (J Tejel), Edinburgh University Press, 2023
Authoritarianism and Kurdish Alternative Politics (L Tas), Edinburgh University Press, 2021
Civil-military Relations in International Interventions (K Friis), Routledge 2020
India-China Maritime Competition (R Basrur et al), Routledge 2019
America and Romania in the Cold War (P.Pechlivanis), Routledge 2019
The Business of Human Rights (A. Newton), Routledge 2019
UN Intervention Practices in Iraq (K. Eppert), Routledge, 2019
Comparative Policy Agendas(F. Baumgartner et al), Oxford University Press, 2019
The Two Worlds of Nineteenth Century International Relations (D. Green), Routledge 2019
Exploring Peace Formation (K Aning et al), Routledge, 2018
China’s Rise and the Chinese Overseas (B Wong and C-B Tan), Routledge 2017
Market Liberalizations and Emigration from Latin America (J Jonakin), Routledge, 2017
China’s International Transboundary Rivers (L Xie and S Jia), Routledge, 2017
The Iraqi Federation (F Shakir), Routledge 2017
Understanding Cuba as a Nation (R Tarrago), Routledge, 2017
Saudi Arabian Foreign Relations (R Rieger), Routledge, 2016
Iceland’s Financial Crisis (V Ingimundarson et al), Routledge 2016
Transnational Governance and South American Politics (A Milciades Pena) Pagrave-Macmillan, 2016
Democratic Consolidation in Turkey (C Erisen et al), Routledge, 2016

Government

Indexes include:
The Egyptian Social Contract:a history of state-middle class relations, Edinburgh University Press, 2023
Authoritarianism and Kurdish Alternative Politics (L Tas), Edinburgh University Press, 2021
British politics: the basics (B Jones), Routledge 2020
Comparative Policy Agendas(F Baumgartner et al) Oxford University Press, 2019
Torture as State Crime (M Collard), Routledge, 2018
Public Policy, Governance and Polarization (D Jesuit and R Williams), Routledge 2017
Decentring Health Policy (M Bevir and J Waring), Routledge, 2017
Democratic Consolidation in Turkey (C Erisen et al), Routledge 2016
Transnational Governance and South American Politics (A Milciades Pena), Palgrave Macmillan, 2016
Television Regulation and Media Policy in China (Yik Chan Chin), Routledge 2016
The Iraqi Federation (F Shakir), Routledge 2017
A Green History of the Welfare State (T Fitzpatrick), Routledge, 2017

Politics

Indexes include:
Authoritarianism and Kurdish Alternative Politics (L Tas), Edinburgh University Press, 2021
Arabic Political Discourse in Transition, (E M Lahlani), Edinburgh University Press, 2021
Politics, Culture and the Irish American Press 1784-1963 D Reddin van Tuyll et al, Syracuse University Press, 2020
British Politcs: the basics (B Jones), Routledge 2020
Challenges to Political Decision-making (H Heinelt) Routledge, 2019
Albert Gore Sr: a political life (AJ Badger) University of Pennsylvania Press, 2018
Democratic Consolidation in Turkey (C Erisen et al), Routledge 2016
Transnational Governance and South American Politics (A Milciades Pena), Palgrave Macmillan, 2016
Political Torture in Popular Culture (A Adams), Routledge, 2016

Naval/Nautical Subjects

Indexes include:
Leyte Gulf (M Stille), Osprey 2023
The Admiralty Manual of Seamanship Nautical Institute, 2023
US Navy Armored Cruisers 1890-1933 (B Herder), Osprey 2022
German and Italian Aircraft Carriers of World War II (DC Dilde and RK Noppen), Osprey 2022
Hitler’s Navy: the Kriegsmarine in World War II (G Williamson), Osprey, 2022
Leyte Gulf 1944: the Battles of the Sibuyan Sea and Samar ( M Stille), Osprey 2021
German Heavy Cruiserd vs Royal Navy Heavy Cruisers 1939-42(M Lardas), Osprey 2021
Italian Battleships: Conte di Cavour and Duilio Classes 1911-1956 (Erminio Bagnasco and Augusto de Toro) Seaforth Publishing 2021
Abandon Ship: The Real Story of the Sinkings in the Falklands (Paul Brown), Osprey, 2021
India-China Maritime Competition: The Security Dilemma at Sea (R Basrur et al), Routledge 2019
The Falklands War: There and Back Again. The Story of Naval Party 8901. (M Norman and M Jones) Pen & Sword, 2019
Maritime Strategy and Sea Denial (M. Vego), Routledge 2019
The Royal Navy Day By Day (Lt-Cdr L Phillips) History Press, 2018
Operational Warfare at Sea (M Vego), Routledge, 2017

Archaeology

I provide an annual index for the Transactions of the Leicestershire Archaeological and Historical Society
Other indexes include:
The Museum of the Wood Age (M Adams), Head of Zeus, 2022
The Archaeology of Roman Germany (S James and S Krmnicek), Oxford University Press, 2019
The Placename Kingston and Royal Power in Middle Anglo-Saxon England (J Bourne), BAR Publishing, 2017

Local History

Indexes include:
Knowing One’s Place: Community and Class in the Industrial Suburbs of Leeds during the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries (R Pearson), Thoresby Society, 2022
Radley Manor and Village (R Duddington), Radley History Club, 2019
The Placename Kingston and Royal Power in Middle Anglo-Saxon England (J Bourne), BAR Publishing 2017
Pauper Prisons…Pauper Palaces…Victorian Poor Law in the East and West Midlands 1834-1871 (P Carter and K Thompson), Troubadour, 2017
I also provide an annual index for the Transactions of the Leicestershire Archaeological and Historical Society

Ireland

Indexes include:
Politics, Culture and the Irish American Press 1784-1963 D Reddin van Tuyll et al, Syracuse University Press, 2020
The Notorious Third lord Lucan (Tom Blaney), Matador, 2020
An Army of Tribes: British Army Cohesion, Deviancy and Murder in Northern Ireland 1971-1972, (Edward Burke), Liverpool University Press, 2018

The Great Leviathan: The Life of Howe Peter Browne 2nd Marquess of Sligo 1788-1845 (A Chambers), New Island, 2017
The Fourth Estate: Journalism in Twentieth Century Ireland (M O’Brien), Manchester University Press, 2017
The State in Transition: Essays in Honour of John Horgan (K Rafter and M O’Brien) New Island, 2015
Kingdom Overthrown: Ireland and the battle for Europe 1688-1691 (Gerard Fitzgibbon), New Island, 2015

European History

I am a graduate in history and I have indexed a large number of projects covering British history and history world wide.
The Rise of the Western Armenian Diaspora
in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire
(Henry Shapiro, Edinburgh University Press 2022
Children and Childhood in the Ottoman Empire: from the 15th to the 20th Century (Gulay Yilmaz and Fruma Zachs), Edinburgh University Press, 2021

American History

Recent indexes include:
The Wrath to Come: Gone with the Wind and the Lies America Tells (S Churchwell), Head of Zeus, 2022
Politics, Culture and the Irish American Press 1784-1963 D Reddin van Tuyll et al, Syracuse University Press, 2020
MacArthur’s Air Force: American Airpower over the Pacific and the Far East 1941-51 (B Yenne), Osprey, 2019
Albert Gore Senior: a political life (A J Badger), University of Pennsylvania Press, 2018
Trade, Politics, and Revolution: South Carolina and Britain’s Atlantic Commerce 1730-1790 (Huw David), University of South Carolina Press, 2018
A History of American Cnsumption (T Witkowski), Routledge, 2017

Equestrian Sports

I have experience with and a good knowledge of horses and related sports as I have owned my own horses for over 30 years. Indexes include: Horses and the Aristocratic Lifestyle in Early Modern England (Peter Edwards) Boydell and Brewer, 2018 Strictly Classified: Insights into the Trainer’s Mind (M Julian), Racing Post, 2015.

Literature and Poetry In English

The Ottoman Canon and the Construction of Arabic and Turkish Literatures (C. Ceyhun Arslan) Edinburgh University Press 2024

Football

Indexes include:Violence and Racism in Football (B Bebber), Pickering and Chatto, 2012; The Soccer Goalkeeping Handbook (A Welsh), Bloomsbury, Third Edition, 2014

Rugby

Indexes include: Touch Rugby (D Woolley), Bloomsbury, 2014

Social Policy

Recent indexes include:
Dying in Old Age (S. Moorman), Routledge, 2020
Friendship and Diversity: class, ethnicity and social relationships in the city, (C Vincent et al), Palgrave Macmillan, 2018

Social Sciences (All Areas)

Recent indexes include:
It’s My Life Now: starting over after an abusive relationship, (M Dugan and R Hock), Routledge, 2018
Friendship and Diversity: class, ethnicity and social relationships in the city, (C Vincent et al), Palgrave Macmillan, 2018

Cinema and Film

Indexes include:
The Female Avenger, Women’s Anger and Rape-Revenge Film and Television (M Bruun Vaage), Edinburgh University Press, 2024
Hong Kong Crime Films (Kristof Van den Troost), Edinburgh University Press, 2024
The Wrath to Come: Gone with the Wind and the Lies America Tells, (S Churchwell), Head of Zeus, 2022
Main Melody Films: Hong Kong Directors in Mainland China (Yiu-Wai Chu), Edinburgh University Press, 2022
Hong Kong Cinema and Sinophone Transnationalisms(Tan See Kam),Edinburgh University Press, 2021
Western China on Screen (Hongyan Zou), Edinburgh University Press 2021
Beyond Eastern Noir: Reimagining Russia and Eastern Europe in Nordic Cinemas, (A M Mrozewicz) Edinburgh University Press 2018
The Camera Assistant’s Manual (D Elkins), Routledge 2020;
Location and Postproduction Sound for Low-Budget Filmmakers (M. Tierno), Routledge 2020

Psychiatry/Psychology

Recent indexes include:
Restorative Cities: Urban Design for Mental Health and Wellbeing (J. Roe and L.McCay), Bloomsbury 2021
Psychiatric Genetics (M Arribas-Ayllon et al), Routledge, 2019 Psychology GCSE Revision Guide for EDEXCEL (A Abbas), Routledge, 2019 The Place of the Visual in Psychoanalytic Practice (F Carey) Routledge 2018; Psychoanalytic Thinking (D Carveth) Routledge 2018

English Literature

Recent indexes include:
Jesmyn Ward: New Critical Essays, (S Harrison, A Keeble and M Torres-Quevado), Edinburgh University Press 2023
Romantic Pasts: History, Fiction, and Feeling in Britain 1790-1850(P Fermanis), Edinburgh University Press, 2022
Robert Louis Stevenson and Nineteenth Century French Literature( K Ashley), Edinburgh University Press, 2022
The Voice of Nature in Ted Hughes’s Writing for Children(L. Kerslake), Routledge, 2018
Mary Wollstonecraft (L Kirkley), Edinburgh University Press, 2022

Law (All Areas)

Recent indexes include: Legal Nurse Consulting: Principles and Practice (J Dickinson and A Meyer) Routledge, 2019
Unlocking Equity and Trusts 7th ed. (M Ramjohn), Routledge, 2019

Christianity

Recent indexes include:The Figure of the Child in Contemporary Evangelicalism (A. Strhan), Oxford University Press, 2019

Agriculture

Routledge Handbook of Comparative Rural Policy (M Vittuari et al) Routledge 2019.

History (All Areas)

The Oxford Illustrated History of the Book (J Raven) Oxford Universirt Press, 2020

Art History

The Women Who Shaped Modern Art i9n Britain(James Scott), Unicorn, 2021

Divine love: The Art of the Nativity (S Drummond, Unicorn 2021

Hot Art, Cold War: European Writing on American Art 1945-1990 Vols 1 and 2 (C Hophins and I Boyd White), Routledge, 2020

Accidental Alchemy: Oliver Simon, Signature Magazine and the Rise of British Neo-Romantic Art(Neil Wells), Unicorn Publishing, 2021

Architecture

Recent indexes includeRestorative Cities: Urban Design for Mental Health and Wellbeing (J. Roe and L.McCay), Bloomsbury 2021

Scotland

Managing Scotland’s Environment (Charles Warren and Jayne Glass), Edinburgh University Press, 2024

Environmental Science

Managing Scotland’s Environment (Charles Warren and Jayne Glass), Edinburgh University Press, 2024

Related qualifications

BA History. Post Graduate Diploma in Librarianship


Recent indexes include

Nautical Institute, The Admiralty Manual of Seamanship, NI, 2023
Signorelli, W.P., Criminal Law, Procedure, and Evidence , Routledge, 2024
Van den Troost, Kristof, <Hong Kong Crime Films, Edinburgh University Press, 2024
Warren, Charles and Glass, Jayne, Managing Scotland’s Environment, Edinburgh University Press, 2024
Crowley, Patrick, Rose, Castle and Crown: Hampshire and the Isle of Wight’s Citizen Soldiers, Medina POublishing, 2023
C. Ceyhun Arslan, The Ottoman Canon and the Construction of Arabic and Turkish Literatures, Edinburgh University Press, 2024
Vaage, Margrethe Bruun, <The Female Avenger, Women’s Anger and Rape-Revenge Film and Television, Edinburgh University Press, 2024
Williamson, G., Hitler’s Navy: the Kriegsmarine in World War II, Osprey, 2022
Kershaw, Robert, The Hill: The brutal fight for Hill 107 in the Battle for Crete, Osprey, 2024
Kelly, David E., First Fights in Fallujah: Marines During Operation Vigilant Resolve in Iraq, April 2004 , Casemate, 2023

Clients Include

include: Oxford University Press, John Wiley, Edinburgh University Press, Osprey, Pen and Sword, Nautical Institute, Casemate

Special Publication Type

Journals (Learned And Professional)

I provide annual indexes for:
The Transactions of the Leicestershire Archaeological and Historical Society

Journal of the Orders and Medals Research Society

Biographies/ Autobiographies

Recent indexes include:
Air Power Supremo: A Biography of Marshal f the Royal Air Force Sir John Slessor GCB, DSO, MC (William Pyke), Pen and Sword, 2022
The Notorious Third Lord Lucan (Tom Blaney), Matador, 2020.
General Sir Ralph Abercromby and the French Revolutionary Wars 1792-1801 (Carole Divall), Pen and Sword, 2018
Albert Gore Senior: a political life (A J Badger) University of Pennsylvania Press, 2018
Literary Autobiography and Arab National Struggles (T.A. Nasser), Edinburgh University Press, 2017;
Fame and Fortune: Sir John Hill and London Life in the 1750s (G. Rousseau and C. Brant), Palgrave Macmillan, 2017;
The Great Leviathan: The Life of Howe Peter Brown, 2nd Marquess of Sligo, 1788-1845 (A Chambers), New Island Books, 2017;
The Life and Works of Robert Baillie 1602-1662 (A Campbell), Boydell Press, 2017

Tools

Pc
SKY INDEX